Validity requirements and recommended acts
The difference between pillars, obligatory acts, sunnah, and mustahab — and what happens if something is missed.
For valid salah, pillars must be fulfilled. Obligatory acts (e.g. surah after Fatihah, first tashahhud) — if deliberately omitted may invalidate prayer; if forgotten, sujud sahwi at the end.
Sunnah and mustahab acts (e.g. post-prayer duas, qunut in witr) increase reward but are not obligatory. Omitting them does not invalidate prayer.
In Malaysia, daily practice largely follows the Shafi'i school. For specific cases (congregation, imam, follower), see i-Fiqh or JAKIM sermons.
Official references
Related prayer time guides
Educational summary — verify with JAKIM/i-Fiqh for authoritative rulings.
Times here are matched from JAKIM e-Solat. This is not an official government site. If anything differs, check e-solat.gov.my or ask your mosque imam.