25 terms — prayer names, JAKIM zones, qibla, Ramadan, Hijri calendar, and worship — in BM and English.
Malaysia uses 59 JAKIM zones, the Shafi'i school, and timetable columns: Imsak, Fajr, Syuruk, Dhuha, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha.
Daily columns in JAKIM timetables.
The dawn prayer — the first of the five daily obligatory prayers.
Fajr begins at true dawn (fajr shadiq) until sunrise (Syuruk). In Malaysia, JAKIM sets Fajr times for each zone. The Shafi'i school is used for prayer time calculations in Malaysia.
Sunrise — marks the end of Fajr prayer time.
Syuruk is when the sun rises above the horizon. After syuruk, Fajr prayer cannot be performed. JAKIM lists syuruk times in every zone's daily schedule.
A voluntary forenoon prayer after the sun has risen.
Dhuha (also called Isyraq) is a voluntary forenoon prayer. JAKIM lists Dhuha times — usually about 20 minutes after sunrise. This prayer is not obligatory.
The midday prayer — the second of the five daily prayers.
Dhuhr begins when the sun passes its zenith (midday) until Asr time. In Malaysia, Dhuhr varies slightly by zone and season as the sun moves.
The afternoon prayer — third daily prayer; JAKIM uses the Shafi'i method.
JAKIM Malaysia uses the Shafi'i school for Asr: it begins when shadow length equals the object's height. Hanafi Asr is later — Malaysia does not use that method.
Prayer after sunset — also Ramadan breaking time.
Maghrib begins exactly at sunset (when the sun disappears below the horizon). During Ramadan, Maghrib is breaking fast time. It is the fourth of the five daily prayers.
The night prayer — the fifth and final daily prayer.
Isha begins after the red twilight disappears (syafaq ahmar) until Fajr dawn. Isha times vary by zone — east Malaysia cities like Kota Kinabalu differ from Kuala Lumpur.
True dawn — the start of Fajr time.
Fajr shadiq is the true dawn light clearly visible on the eastern horizon, distinct from false dawn (fajr kazib). JAKIM calculates Fajr based on true dawn using each zone's geographic coordinates.
JAKIM, e-Solat, and prayer zones.
Department of Islamic Development Malaysia — Malaysia's official prayer time authority.
JAKIM sets prayer times for 59 zones across Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Labuan, and the Federal Territories. The JAKIM e-Solat portal is the official source referenced by mosques, schools, and government agencies nationwide.
JAKIM's official portal for Malaysian prayer timetables.
The e-solat.gov.my site provides daily, monthly, Ramadan imsakiyah, and official widgets. WaktuSolatMalaysia.org uses the same e-Solat data — if anything differs, check the JAKIM portal directly.
A geographic area sharing one prayer timetable — e.g. WLY01, SGR01.
Malaysia is divided into 59 JAKIM zones. Each zone has a three-letter + number code (e.g. JHR02 for Johor Bahru). Cities in the same zone share identical prayer times even if city names differ.
Malaysia's official school of law for prayer time calculation.
Malaysia uses the Shafi'i school for Asr (shadow = object height) and other prayer calculations. This differs from the Hanafi school where Asr is later — important for Muslims from other countries.
Direction of prayer toward the Kaaba.
The direction of prayer toward the Kaaba in Mecca.
Qibla in Malaysia points northwest — the exact bearing varies slightly by location. JAKIM publishes an official qibla bearing for each zone. Use your zone's qibla tool rather than a generic estimate.
Obligatory, voluntary, Friday prayer, and sermons.
The five daily prayers obligatory for adult Muslims.
The five obligatory prayers: Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha. JAKIM schedules show the start time for each. Friday prayer replaces Dhuhr for Muslim men at the mosque on Fridays.
Non-obligatory but encouraged prayers — e.g. Dhuha, Tarawih, Tahajjud.
JAKIM lists Dhuha times in daily schedules as a reference for voluntary prayer. Tarawih during Ramadan has no dedicated column — it is performed after Isha. Other voluntary prayers depend on personal circumstances.
Weekly congregational prayer with sermon — replaces Dhuhr on Fridays.
Friday prayer is held at Dhuhr time on Fridays. The Friday khutbah (sermon) is delivered before prayer. JAKIM Dhuhr times remain the same — worshippers should arrive early for the sermon and congregation.
Official JAKIM sermons for Friday and Eid — full text at islam.gov.my.
Friday and festive sermons are published by JAKIM via the e-Khutbah portal. Imams and khatibs reference official texts to ensure accurate content. This site provides a sermon index linking to JAKIM.
Voluntary Ramadan night prayer after Isha.
Tarawih is performed after Isha during Ramadan, usually in congregation at mosques. JAKIM schedules do not list a separate Tarawih time — use your zone's Isha time and follow your local mosque schedule.
Times when voluntary prayer is discouraged — e.g. at sunrise.
Prohibited times include sunrise (syuruk), exact solar noon (zawal), and sunset. JAKIM schedules show syuruk and obligatory prayer times to help worshippers avoid these periods.
Times when supplication is especially encouraged — e.g. after adhan, at iftar.
Preferred dua times include parts of the night, after obligatory prayers, and at iftar. JAKIM schedules do not list mustajab times — they are worship references, not daily timetable columns.
Sahur, iftar, and imsak.
The signal to stop eating before Fajr — especially during Ramadan.
Imsak is typically about 10 minutes before Fajr in JAKIM timetables. During Ramadan, imsak marks the end of sahur eating time. It is not an obligatory prayer, but essential for fasting correctly.
The pre-dawn meal before imsak during Ramadan.
Sahur must end before imsak time — about 10 minutes before Fajr in JAKIM timetables. Eating until imsak is still within sahur time; after imsak, fasting begins.
Breaking fast time = Maghrib time.
During Ramadan, iftar time is the Maghrib time set by JAKIM for your zone. Do not break fast before sunset. JAKIM Ramadan imsakiyah tables show imsak and Maghrib side by side.
Hijrah year, Hijri months, and moon sighting.
The Islamic lunar calendar — 12 Hijri months per year.
Hijri dates appear alongside Gregorian dates in JAKIM schedules. Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhul Hijjah, and Muharram are determined through official moon sighting. Our calendar page shows today's Hijri date.
Observing the crescent moon to determine the start of a Hijri month.
JAKIM announces moon sighting results for Ramadan, Shawwal, and other key months. Daily prayer times do not change — sighting determines the Islamic date, not Fajr or Maghrib times.